| 1. |
In some of the first histories of the exploitation of the New World early Spanish fortune seekers in the Americas regarded Indians as
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a)
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"filthy devil-worshippers, sodomites, liars and public fornicators...fit only for slavery."
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b)
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"Noble savages from which Europeans could learn many important things."
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c)
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"A labor source to be brought to profitable labor by the whip and chain."
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d)
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Only A and C.
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e)
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The descendants of Noah.
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| 2. |
From the perspective of the Church the entire justification of the Conquest of the Native American nations of the New World was...
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a)
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Christian conversion
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b)
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Forced labor to enrich the coffers of a corrupt and venal church authority
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c)
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Preserve Native American culture and society.
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d)
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All of the above.
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e)
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None of the above.
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| 3. |
The Demographic Disaster of 1492, or The Great Dying refers to
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a)
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The cruelty that Native Americans suffered at the hand of European exploiters
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b)
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A great war between Indian nations sometime around 1492
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c)
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The greatest loss of population (in terms of percentage) in the last 500 years.
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d)
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The period of 1492 to 1650, when almost 90% of the Indian population disappeared.
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e)
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Only C and D
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| 4. |
The encomienda
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a)
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was an institution of the Spanish to ensure the orderly transfer of Native American wealth into Spanish hands.
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b)
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All the statements are true except D
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c)
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was an attempt by the early Spanish settlers to establish a system of feudalism in the New World
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d)
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alarmed the English since it was so profitable for Spanish slave owners
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e)
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Only A and B
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| 5. |
In terms of religion
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a)
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In many tribes boys and girls were sent out alone to fast and pray until they thought they saw a spirit that promised to help them achieve the power to succeed in adult life.
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b)
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Native Americans believed that the souls of the dead go to another part of the universe where they have a pleasant existence. The souls of unhappy or evil persons might stay around as ghosts or evil spirits.
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c)
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Native Americans see themselves a distinctly different in a spiritual sense from animals, plants and the land.
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d)
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Native Americans believe that their religion is morally superior than all others.
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e)
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All are true except for D
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| 6. |
The Siksika, Hidatsa, and Shoshone are a nation and tribes that live
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a)
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In the Eastern Woodlands
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b)
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On the Plains
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c)
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On the Northwest Pacific Coast
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d)
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In the Southeast
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e)
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In the California-Intermountain region
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| 7. |
All of the following are true about the Anasazi except:
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a)
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The Anasazi tradition began around AD 900.
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b)
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Their diet consisted of the Central American food triad.
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c)
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Traded with California coastal Indians and even into Mexico.
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d)
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Understood how to best use an arid climate and built very effective dwellings to survive the desert called "kivas".
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e)
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Did not rebel against the Spanish in 1680 and maintained their freedom until1692.
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| 8. |
Social and political organization of Native Americans
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a)
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was/is based largely on the family.
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b)
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Men and women could both become chiefs depending on the tribe.
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c)
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Alliances and villages were governed by councils.
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d)
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Europeans thought it perverse the honor, power and respect accorded to women of the Iroquois and Creek cultures
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e)
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All of the above
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| 9. |
The Requerimiento
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a)
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was read to every Indian village by the Spanish to inform Native American that the Spanish would be merciful.
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b)
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was a set of political and religious demands the Spanish would read in Spanish to uncomprehending Native Americans before they would be enslaved and slaughtered.
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c)
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Informed Native Americans of their rights in a Spanish court of law and this was "required" to be read by the Spanish to Native Americans
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d)
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required Native Americans to give their land and homes to Europeans since the requirement argued that the Indians were to blame for their massacre at the hands of Europeans.
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e)
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All of the above
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| 10. |
The ancient city of Cahokia may have had a population as high as
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a)
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65,000
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b)
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22,500
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c)
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50,000
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d)
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19,000
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e)
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35,000
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